"Creole
Chronology"
Version A
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1729
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Creoles fought in the FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR |
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1742
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MARIE THERESE COINCOIN was born in Isle Breville, La. of slave parents from Gold Coast, AFRICA Died circa 1816. |
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1744
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CLAUDE PIERRE THOMAS METOYER, Frenchman, was born in LaRochelle, FRANCE and died circa 1815 |
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1755-1791
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Jacques V. OGE’, free Haitian Creole, educated in France, organized military camp in U.S. and returned to Haiti to lead a slave revolt in 1791; was executed following his surrender. “Early American Writers”, Chapel Hill Univ., North Carolina Press (1935) |
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1767
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Claude
Pierre Thomas METOYER formed a union
with Marie Therese COINCOIN and created the first Creoles of Color in Isle Breville, La. (now described as Cane River) Nine children |
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1768
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First children of the union of 1767 were twins AUGUSTIN METOYER and SUZANNE METOYER |
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1770
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Second birth of children of Claude and Coincoin: LOUIS METOYER - died 1832 |
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1772
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PIERRE
METOYER also born to union - died 1833 |
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1776
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DOMINIQUE METOYER also born to union - died 1839 |
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1776
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EULALIE METOYER born to union - died circa 1788 - 1801 |
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1778
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ANTOINE JOSEPH METOYER born to union - died 1838 |
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1780
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MARIE FRANCOISE ROSELIE METOYER born to union - died 1783 |
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1782
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PIERRE
TOUSSAINT METOYE born to union - died 1863 |
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1784
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FRANCOIS METOYER born to union - died 1862 |
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1779
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Creoles fought in the AMERICAN REVOLUTION |
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1791
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Creoles fought in the HAITIAN REVOLUTION |
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1793
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FRANCE PROCLAIMED FREEDOM for all living under the French flag. Louisiana was then under Spanish rule |
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1744
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AUGUSTIN METOYER, twin son of Claude Metoyer & Coincoin along with Louis his brother donated the land for the first CATHOLIC CHURCH on Isle Breville, La. (now known as Cane River MARIE THERESE COINCOIN was a very hardworking woman who with Claude Pierre’s help purchased the freedom of all of her children, exported cotton and jute to Africa and the West indies, amassed acres of property, owned slaves, all with the help of her sons. |
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1801
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SPANISH LOUISIANA TERRITORY was CEDED back to France from Spain (Treaty of San Ildefonso) |
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1803
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FRENCH LOUISIANA TERRITORY was SOLD to the United States on April 30th for $15,000,000, Rights. At that time the La. Territory comprised of more than 900,000 acres or l/3 of the United States |
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1803
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The UNITED STATES thereafter RENEGED on all of the CIVIL RIGHTS granted to the inhabitants and CREOLES when it signed the Treaty between the French Republic and itself |
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1814
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ANDREW JACKSON promises freedom to all Creoles who fought in the Battle of New Orleans and RENEGED |
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1815
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Creoles fought in the BATTLE of NEW ORLEANS |
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1816
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Sr. HENRIETTE DeLILLE (DeLisle) was born in New Orleans of wealthy Creole parentage |
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1825
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EUGENE WARBOURG- 1825 - 1861 - Noted Sculptor, taught by Gabriel, a Frenchman under duress. Most outstanding works: “The Fisherman” and “The First Kiss” |
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1825
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PAUL
TRAVIGNE was born; he was a teacher for 40 years in New Orleans,
Editor in Chief ofNEWSPAPER L’UNION
and LA TRIBUNE until 1869 and reported on
contraversial issues of his time LUCIEN MANSION (nicknamed Lolo Mansion - renown Poet. His words published in LA TRIBUNE and LE CRUSADER, Told of PERSECUTION of Creoles in 1855. He helped many escape the prejudice financially to flee to Mexico, Northern U.S., France and the West Indies |
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1842
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SISTERS OF THE HOLY FAMILY founded by Creole women - HENRIETTE DeLILLE (DeLisle) JULIETTE GAUDIN and JOSEPHINE CHARLES |
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1843
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First CREOLE PUBLICATION |
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1850-1900
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Rudolph Lucien
Desdunes, Noted Writer
and Creole Historian - Author of “Nos Hommes et Notre Histoire”
(Our People and Our History) His book was translated from French to English
by Sr. Dorothea McCants /Quoted from his book.--”Creoles of Color played an extraordinary role in both the cultural & political history of Louisiana - they excelled in all the major professions. Some amassed considerable fortunes, and some as other Black and White Americans owned slaves |
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1862
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CREOLES
fought their 5th war in the CIVIL WAR under
General Benjamin Butler |
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1864
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CREOLES PETITIONED
President LINCOLN
for Civil Rights which were granted under Civil Rights and Political Recognition in La. Legislature |
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1864
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Creoles DENIED voting rights |
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1868
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Creoles GAINED voting rights, full equality and school integration |
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1872
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Lt. Gov. P.B.S. PINCHBACK became Governor of Louisiana (lasted only two months) His grandson, Jean TOOMER was noted author |
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1873
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C.C. Antoine became Lt. Governor of Louisiana |
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1885
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LAFCADIO HEARN
noted author, wrote “Gombo Zhebes” Dictionary of Creole proverbs |
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1913
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Sr. FRANCES JEROME WOODS was born in Guthrie, Oklahoma |
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1914
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Felix THIERRY
died. He established the first approved public school for Creoles and
Blacks in Plaisance, Louisiana - His daughter is Margaret T. GAUTHIER |
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1923-
?
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Gilbert
MARTIN , noted Creole author and activist, self-proclaimed
licensed architect and attorney-at-law, was born on April 30th, he is
founder of the International French-Creole Cultural Society (IFCCS) and native of New Orleans, La. |
| 1926- ? |
Mrs. Marion I. FERREIRA Creole Sociologist and Activist, was born January 24 E-mail Address Redbino9@aol.com) |
| 1945 | BISHOP CARL A. FISHER, SSJ. was born |
| 1945 | Pastor H. O. McCONNELL published the book “You Can Learn Creole” |
| 1953 | American Folklore Society published “Haitian Creole; Grammar; Texts; and Vocabulary |
| 1969 | Haitian Government granted legal limited status to Creole Language |
| 1970 | ”Haitian Creole” Advance Course published by Albert VALDMAN |
| 1972 | Book published by Sr. JEROME WOODS, “Marginality and Identity”, a study of a group of multiracial individuals and their marginal identity, using model of Cane River’s Creoles of Color. |
| 1972 | J.A . ROGERS published “Sex and Race”, the beauty of Creole mixtures. |
| 1973 | ”Area Handbook for HAITIAN CREOLE LANGUAGE’” by Foreign Areas Studies of American Studies |
| 1975 | United Bible Societies published the New Testament with Psalms in Haitian Creole. |
| 1977 |
GARY MILLS, author and genealogist, published the book “The Forgotten People, Cane River’s Creoles of Color”, True history of the lives of these sanguilineal Creole people |
| 1979 | THE INTERNATIONAL
FRENCH-CREOLE CULTURAL SOCIETY, (IFCCS)
filed charter Nov. 14 Gilbert E. MARTIN, Founder and Executive Director |
| 1979 |
ANN RICE,
, New Orleans author, published “The Feast of All Saints”
which told about the lives of Creoles before the Civil War, in the 1840’s, Part history and fiction |
| 1983 |
The First METOYER /CANE RIVER Descendants Family Reunion in Los Angeles, CA , sponsored by Mrs. Marion I. FERREIRA
August 5, 6 and 7, at the Cockatoo Inn, in Hawthorne, CA (300 Creoles
in |
| 1987 | BAYOU TALK
Creole/Cajun Newspaper first publication, Louis METOYER Editor in Chief |
| 1988 | Gilbert E. MARTIN , Creole Author and Activist, published “PASSE POUR BLANC’ (Passing forWhite) fiction based on his experiences |
| 1989 | Gilbert E. MARTIN , Creole Author and Activist, published “The Creole Story - From the Senegal to the Mississippi” - Creole History |
| 1991 | First Annual Mardi Gras Ball
held at the Baldwin Hills Plaza Mall in Los Angeles sponsored by GAGNIER’S
Restaurant and the Bayou Talk Creole/Cajun Newspaper, Louis METOYER editor |
| 1992 | Second Annual
MARDI GRAS Ball held at the Plaza |
| 1992 | FESTIVAL International de Louisiane, held in Lafayette, La. (318-232-8086) |
| 1992 | Vincent MOTT, , pen name Lucien St. Andre, published “The Creole” experiences of a Cajun/Creole in La. during the Depression era - part history and fiction |
| 1992 | SR. JEROME
WOODS, died on August 9, 1992, wrote
“The Values of Creole Youths” also |
| 1992 | GILBERT MARTIN, Founder of IFCCS, first met with Creoles of Los Angeles to discuss his fight for CREOLE RIGHTS and IDENTITY |
| 1992 | Mrs. Marion FERREIRA, appointed Regional Director of the Los Angeles, CA area |
| 1993 | BISHOP CARL A. FISHER, SSJ., a Creole, died. He was officiating over the southwestern dioceses of California, Bishop Fisher was a native of Mississippi |
| 1993 | Third Annual MARDI GRAS Ball held at the Plaza |
| 1993 | Third Annual CREOLE PICNIC , Sponsored by the SOCIALITES, Gilbert E. MARTIN meets with the Creoles and . get 100’s of signatures requesting CREOLE RIGHTS recognition by CATHOLIC Black dignitaries (IFCCS) Such requests were DENIED, Letter to Gilbert MARTIN such requests DENIED |
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1993 |
Plans underway to Preserve Cane River and surrounding historical areas as a National Historic Park, dedicated to the Creoles of Cane River and all others in the US |
| 1993 | A CREOLE PLAY,
“Inside the Creole Mafia” produced. Mark BROYARD, Creole actor
and vocalist, along with Guenevere SMITH , noted actor and TV star, at
the Fountainhead Theater in Los Angeles, CA The play was a comedy spoof on “Being Creole” which was well received by spectators |
| 1993 |
Gov. Ann RICHARDS of Texas proclaimed January 22, 1993 as Creole Heritage Day |
| 1993 | TOM REED,
Host of Members Only, and other psychologists interviewed Phillip Francis,
a Creole, on Channel 18, television, and went on record to say that ‘THERE’S
NO SUCH THING AS ONE BEING A CREOLE, THERE’S NO CULTURE BUT THE AFRICAN-AMERICAN CULTURE, and went on record pressuring Philip to agree with them !!!(Think they should check on some of thede dates in history????) |
| 1994 | Mayor Tom BRADLEY, of Los Angeles, CA proclaimed January 22, 1994 as Creole Heritage Day |
| 1994 | Leon AUBRY Founder of the Jefferson Council organization, a La. Creole based charitable organization died, January 4, a former native of New Orleans, a fighter for Creole Rights and benefactor to all |
| 1994 | Emily HOLLAND
Cane River descendant, 99 years olf; born 7-5-1894 and died on Jan. 2,
l994, Was awarded a trophy for being the oldest female descendant in the
Western Region, Los Angeles, CA at The Metoyer/Cane River Descendants Family Reunion in 1983 |
| 1994 | Morgan METOYER , 82 at the time, was awarded a trophy for being the oldest male descendant in the Western Region, Los Angeles, CA at the Metoyer/Cane River Descendants Family Reunion in 1983 |
| 1994 | Lenita LEDAY, 7 months old at the time, was awarded a trophy for being the youngest female descendant in the Western Region, ibid, the daughter of Edgar LEDAY and Linda |
| 1994 | Auxilliary
BISHOP LEONARD J. OLIVIER, SVD., was
ordained in Washington, DC, native of Lake Charles, La., 13th non-white
Bishop to be ordained. Was celebrant at the Mass of Creole Heritage held at St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church of Los Angeles, CA BISHOP HAROLD PERRY, SVD was first Creole Bishop to be ordained, now deceased, native of Lake Charles, La.GEORGE McKENNA, was Superintendant of Inglewood, CA Schools, now Superintendant of Compton, CA Schools, native of New Orleans, La |
2001 |
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Composed by: Marion I. Ferreira
Sociologist and Activist
email: Redbino9@aol.com